According to Global Burden of Disease data, ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death globally. The INTERHEART study identified which factor as contributing to the HIGHEST proportion of attributable risk for myocardial infarction worldwide?

• A Hypertension
• B Smoking
• C Diabetes
• D Abnormal lipids (raised ApoB/ApoA1 ratio) ✓

Explanation

The INTERHEART study (Yusuf et al., Lancet 2004) — a global case-control study in 52 countries — found that abnormal lipids (raised ApoB/ApoA1 ratio) carried the highest population attributable risk (PAR%) for acute MI at approximately 49.2%, followed by smoking (~35.7%), psychosocial factors (~32.5%), abdominal obesity (~20.1%), hypertension (~17.9%), diabetes (~9.9%), and low fruit/vegetable consumption. Together, 9 modifiable risk factors accounted for over 90% of attributable risk for MI.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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