Histological examination of a benign ovarian tumour shows nests of transitional-type epithelial cells with longitudinal nuclear grooves (coffee bean nuclei), some with central cystic degeneration, set in dense fibrous stroma with frequent calcification. What is the diagnosis?

• A Brenner tumour ✓
• B Thecoma
• C Fibroma
• D Clear cell adenofibroma

Explanation

The Brenner tumour is a surface epithelial tumour showing urothelial (transitional) differentiation, with the classic combination of coffee bean nuclei bearing longitudinal grooves, nested growth, fibromatous stroma, and calcification. It is usually benign, small, and often an incidental finding. The fibroma lacks epithelial elements, the thecoma contains lipid-laden steroidogenic cells, and clear cell adenofibroma shows hobnail cells rather than transitional nests.

Reference: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.

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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.