A 55-year-old post-menopausal woman has a unilateral solid-cystic ovarian mass 8 cm, serum CA-125 of 420 U/mL, and ascites on CT. CT shows no extra-ovarian disease. At surgery the capsule is found intact, no ascites, and final histology confirms high-grade serous carcinoma confined to one ovary with no surface involvement. FIGO 2023 staging is:

• A Stage IB
• B Stage IC1
• C Stage IC2
• D Stage IA ✓

Explanation

FIGO 2023 ovarian cancer staging: Stage IA = tumour limited to one ovary, capsule intact, no tumour on surface, negative washings. Stage IC1 = surgical spill intraoperatively; IC2 = capsule rupture before surgery or tumour on surface; IC3 = positive peritoneal washings. Since the capsule was intact at surgery, no surface involvement, and the disease is confined to one ovary, this is Stage IA.

Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.

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