A 45-year-old has a right ovarian tumor. Histopathology shows a tumor of low malignant potential (borderline) of serous type with desmoplastic implants on the peritoneum. These implants are best classified as:

• A Non-invasive implants indicating benign behavior
• B Invasive implants with worse prognosis ✓
• C Endosalpingiosis, a completely benign finding
• D Implants confirming invasive carcinoma and requiring chemotherapy

Explanation

Peritoneal implants in borderline serous tumors are classified as non-invasive or invasive (desmoplastic). Invasive peritoneal implants — where tumor cells infiltrate the underlying normal tissue — carry a significantly worse prognosis and behave more like low-grade serous carcinoma, with higher recurrence rates. Non-invasive implants (epithelial or desmoplastic type superficially adherent) have a favorable prognosis. Endosalpingiosis refers to benign Müllerian-type inclusions. Invasive implants do not automatically mandate chemotherapy but require closer surveillance and may be managed as low-grade serous carcinoma.

Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.

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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.