A 22-year-old woman with a solid ovarian mass and elevated AFP and beta-hCG undergoes surgery revealing a mixed germ cell tumour. Histology shows components of endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumour) and choriocarcinoma. Which serum marker correlates BEST with the yolk sac tumour component and guides chemotherapy response?
- A CA-125
- B CEA
- C Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ✓
- D Inhibin B
Correct answer: C. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Explanation
AFP is the specific and sensitive marker for yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumours, produced by primitive yolk sac elements. It is used to monitor treatment response and detect recurrence. beta-hCG correlates with choriocarcinoma and dysgerminoma components. CA-125 is relevant for epithelial ovarian cancer. Inhibin B is the marker for granulosa cell tumours. In mixed germ cell tumours, multiple markers are followed, but AFP is the principal index for the yolk sac tumour component.
Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.