Regarding ovarian borderline tumors (tumors of low malignant potential), which statement is MOST accurate?
- A They require adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy after staging surgery
- B They are characterized by epithelial proliferation without stromal invasion, with an excellent 10-year survival exceeding 90% ✓
- C Fertility-sparing surgery is contraindicated due to high recurrence risk
- D Mucinous borderline tumors have a higher risk of peritoneal implants than serous borderline tumors
Correct answer: B. They are characterized by epithelial proliferation without stromal invasion, with an excellent 10-year survival exceeding 90%
Explanation
Borderline (low malignant potential) ovarian tumors are defined pathologically by epithelial proliferation, nuclear atypia, and mitotic activity WITHOUT destructive stromal invasion. They have an excellent prognosis with 10-year survival >90%. No adjuvant chemotherapy is required. Fertility-sparing surgery (cystectomy or unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) is well-validated and recommended in young women. Serous borderline tumors (not mucinous) more commonly develop peritoneal implants, though these are usually non-invasive.
Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.
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