Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary secrete estrogen, which can cause which of the following endometrial changes in a premenopausal woman?
- A Endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex, with or without atypia) and occasionally endometrial carcinoma ✓
- B Simple cystic endometrium
- C Endometrial atrophy
- D Decidualization
Correct answer: A. Endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex, with or without atypia) and occasionally endometrial carcinoma
Explanation
Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) produce unopposed estrogen, causing endometrial hyperplasia in up to 50% of cases and coexistent endometrial carcinoma (usually well-differentiated Type I) in approximately 5–10%. This is the mechanism behind the irregular uterine bleeding that is often the presenting symptom. Inhibin A and B and anti-Müllerian hormone are useful tumor markers for GCT diagnosis and follow-up. Call-Exner bodies are the histological hallmark.
Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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