Family Planning and Contraceptives MCQs

Community Medicine (PSM) · 91 free questions with answers & explanations.

1. A 28-year-old woman who delivered 6 weeks ago is exclusively breastfeeding her baby on demand, both day and night, and her menstrual periods have not resumed. She is asking about contraceptive options. Regarding the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM), which of the following statements is CORRECT?
2. Cu-T 380A (copper-T IUD) prevents pregnancy primarily by which of the following mechanisms?
3. The Pearl Index (PI) for combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) with PERFECT use is approximately:
4. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) is >98% effective ONLY when all three criteria are simultaneously met. Which set correctly states these criteria?
5. Emergency contraceptive pill (Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) is most effective if taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. Its primary mechanism of action is:
6. The failure rate of the Copper-T 380A (CuT 380A) IUD as measured by the Pearl Index under typical use is approximately:
7. The 'perfect use' failure rate of the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) is 0.3 per 100 woman-years, while the 'typical use' failure rate is 9 per 100 woman-years. This discrepancy is primarily attributed to:
8. A 35-year-old woman requests post-coital emergency contraception 60 hours after unprotected intercourse. Which method has the highest efficacy at this time point?
9. A 28-year-old woman using a copper IUD (Cu-T 380A) for 3 years presents with secondary amenorrhea for 6 weeks and a positive urine pregnancy test. Transvaginal ultrasound shows intrauterine gestational sac with IUD strings visible. The MOST appropriate management is:
10. Which of the following contraceptives has the LOWEST theoretical failure rate (Pearl Index ≤0.1 per 100 woman-years)?
11. Emergency contraception with Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg is MOST effective when taken:
12. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is 0.3. This means:
13. Emergency contraception with levonorgestrel (1.5 mg single dose) is MOST effective when taken within:
14. A 28-year-old woman with a history of deep vein thrombosis presents for contraceptive counselling. She is 6 weeks postpartum and not breastfeeding. The safest highly effective contraceptive option is:
15. The 'Mission Parivar Vikas' initiative under India's National Family Planning Programme targets which districts for intensive family planning services?
16. The 'Medical Eligibility Criteria' (MEC) for contraceptive use, developed by WHO and adopted in India, classifies conditions into four categories. A woman with compensated cirrhosis of liver (Child-Pugh A) who wants to use Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) would fall under which MEC category?
17. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is defined as the number of contraceptive failures per:
18. A 28-year-old woman requests emergency contraception 58 hours after unprotected intercourse. She has no contraindications to any method. Which of the following emergency contraceptive methods remains effective and should be offered?
19. The 'Pearl Index' is used to measure contraceptive efficacy. A method with a Pearl Index of 2.0 means:
20. A 32-year-old woman on combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) develops sudden pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea on day 10 of a new 7-day immobilization due to leg fracture. The most likely complication and its mechanism related to OCP use is:
21. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is defined as the number of unintended pregnancies per:
22. The Centchroman (Saheli) pill is a non-steroidal oral contraceptive used in India. Its mechanism of action is BEST described as:
23. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) is considered effective contraception when which set of THREE conditions is simultaneously met?
24. A 28-year-old woman is counselled on postpartum family planning. She delivered a healthy baby 6 weeks ago and is exclusively breastfeeding. The Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) is offered. Which condition must be STRICTLY met for LAM to provide >98% contraceptive efficacy?
25. The Pearl Index is used to compare contraceptive efficacy. A contraceptive method with Pearl Index of 0.5 means:
26. The Medical Eligibility Criteria (MEC) for contraceptive use classifies conditions into 4 categories. A 28-year-old woman had a deep vein thrombosis 14 months ago and recovered fully; she requests combined oral contraceptive pills. What is her MEC category for COC use?
27. Under India's Mission Parivar Vikas, which five indicators correctly characterize the targeted 'high-fertility' aspirational districts where ASHA incentives for spacing methods are additionally enhanced?
28. The 'Mission Parivar Vikas' programme in India targets 146 high-fertility districts in 7 states. The primary strategy used in these districts to accelerate acceptance of family planning methods is:
29. The failure rate of the Lactational Amenorrhoea Method (LAM) is less than 2 per 100 woman-years when all three criteria are met. Which combination of criteria confers this level of protection?
30. A woman starts taking combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) on day 5 of her menstrual cycle. She misses a pill on day 14. According to WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria, what is the CORRECT action?
31. The 'Pearl Index' of a contraceptive method is calculated as the number of unintended pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use. A method with a Pearl Index of 0.1 means:
32. The Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS/Mirena) has a Pearl Index of approximately 0.1–0.2 per 100 woman-years. Its contraceptive mechanism is PRIMARILY:
33. Under India's National Family Planning Programme, the post-partum IUCD (PPIUCD) insertion is recommended within how many hours after delivery, and what is the minimum interval before Interval IUCD insertion post-delivery?
34. Emergency contraceptive pills (Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) are most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. The PRIMARY mechanism of action is:
35. The Copper-T 380A IUD has a stated effectiveness period of 10 years and a failure rate of 0.6 per 100 women-years (Pearl index). Which of the following is the main contraceptive mechanism of copper IUDs?
36. The 'Lactational Amenorrhoea Method (LAM)' of contraception is considered highly effective (>98%) only when ALL three criteria are met simultaneously. Which of the following correctly lists all three criteria?
37. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) with levonorgestrel 1.5 mg are recommended to be taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. Their primary mechanism of action is:
38. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is defined as the number of unintended pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use. For perfect use of the combined oral contraceptive pill, the Pearl Index is approximately:
39. Lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) provides contraceptive protection when three conditions are simultaneously met. Which of the following correctly states ALL three required criteria?
40. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method refers to:
41. Emergency contraception using levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (single dose) is effective when taken within:
42. Which intrauterine device currently included in India's national family planning programme has the highest efficacy and longest approved duration of use?
43. The 'lactational amenorrhea method' (LAM) of contraception is considered highly effective (>98%) only when ALL three criteria are simultaneously met. Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria?
44. The failure rate of a combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) with 'perfect use' vs 'typical use' reflects which concept?
45. A 35-year-old woman, a smoker of 15 cigarettes/day, requests oral contraception. The MOST appropriate contraceptive option based on WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria (MEC) is:
46. Levonorgestrel Emergency Contraceptive Pill (LNG-ECP, 1.5 mg single dose) is most effective if taken within what time frame after unprotected sexual intercourse?
47. A couple uses condoms consistently and correctly. The 'perfect use' failure rate of male condoms in the first year is approximately:
48. The Centchroman (Saheli / Chhaya) contraceptive pill is unique because:
49. A 28-year-old woman presents 68 hours after an unprotected intercourse requesting emergency contraception. The MOST effective option available in India is:
50. A woman using a copper intrauterine device (CuT 380A) for emergency contraception presents 4 days after unprotected intercourse. What is the MAXIMUM number of days post-coitus within which an IUD can be inserted for emergency contraception?
51. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is 3. This means that in 100 women using this method correctly for one year, how many will become pregnant?
52. The government of India introduced the injectable contraceptive Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA-Antara) in the national family planning programme. What is the dosing schedule for this injectable?
53. A 32-year-old woman using a copper-T 380A (Cu-T) IUD for 2 years presents with 6 weeks of amenorrhoea. Urine pregnancy test is positive. The MOST appropriate initial management is:
54. Which oral contraceptive pill is ABSOLUTELY contraindicated in a 38-year-old woman who is a smoker (>15 cigarettes/day)?
55. The Pearl Index is the standard measure of contraceptive effectiveness. It is defined as the number of contraceptive failures per:
56. The IUCD-375 (Nova-T / Multiload 375) inserted at a government health facility should be replaced after how many years?
57. The Pearl Index for combined oral contraceptive pills is approximately 0.3 with perfect use and 7–9 with typical use. The Pearl Index is defined as:
58. Emergency contraception using levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (single dose) must ideally be taken within what timeframe after unprotected intercourse to maximize efficacy?
59. Under the Mission Parivar Vikas programme targeting the 146 high-fertility districts in India, which contraceptive method is promoted under the PPIUCD programme, and at what timeframe post-delivery is it inserted?
60. A 28-year-old woman requests an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) insertion immediately after uncomplicated vaginal delivery. The most appropriate choice is:
61. The failure rate of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) with perfect use (Pearl Index) is approximately:
62. The Copper-T 380A intrauterine device has a failure rate (Pearl Index) of approximately:
63. Emergency contraception with levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (single dose) is most effective when taken within how many hours of unprotected intercourse?
64. Contraceptive failure among women using combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) most commonly occurs due to:
65. The 'Pearl Index' of a contraceptive method is calculated as the number of unintended pregnancies per:
66. Emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) with Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg is MOST effective when taken within how many hours of unprotected intercourse?
67. The Copper T 380A IUCD derives its contraceptive efficacy primarily from which mechanism?
68. The Pearl Index of a contraceptive method is the number of unwanted pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use. A contraceptive with a Pearl Index of 0.1 is best described as:
69. The currently approved Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act in India (2021 amendment) permits abortion up to 24 weeks gestation for which of the following?
70. An intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is inserted in a woman and she returns 3 months later with strings not visible on speculum examination. Pelvic ultrasound shows no IUCD in the uterine cavity. The most likely explanation is:
71. Cu-T 380A is the intrauterine device of choice under the National Family Planning Programme. Its mechanism of action is primarily through:
72. The Pearl Index is used to measure contraceptive efficacy. A method with Pearl Index of 2 means:
73. The 'Pearl Index' is used to evaluate contraceptive efficacy. A method with a Pearl Index of 2 means:
74. Under India's family planning programme, 'Antara' injectable contraceptive provides protection against pregnancy for how long per injection?
75. The Pearl Index for a contraceptive method is calculated as:
76. Emergency contraception with ulipristal acetate (UPA, 30 mg single dose) is effective for how long after unprotected intercourse?
77. The Centchroman (Saheli) oral contraceptive pill is unique among oral contraceptives because:
78. Under the Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) strategy, weekly iron-folic acid supplementation (WIFS) for adolescent girls provides iron in which dose?
79. A couple is using the lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) of contraception. Which THREE conditions must ALL be met simultaneously for LAM to provide >98% efficacy?
80. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) with levonorgestrel 1.5 mg act PRIMARILY by which mechanism?
81. In the context of RMNCH+A strategy, the 'continuum of care' concept ensures integration of services. Which age group is NEWLY added in the '+A' component?
82. A 28-year-old woman takes emergency contraception (levonorgestrel 1.5 mg) 60 hours after unprotected intercourse. According to clinical evidence, the likely efficacy (reduction in pregnancies compared to expected without treatment) is approximately:
83. The 'Pearl Index' is used to measure contraceptive efficacy. A method with Pearl Index of 2.0 means:
84. Which contraceptive method is associated with the lowest risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and is actually protective against ascending genital infection?
85. The failure rate of combined oral contraceptive pills with perfect use (Pearl Index) is approximately:
86. A woman with a history of deep vein thrombosis wants to use contraception. Which of the following is MOST appropriate?
87. The Mission Parivar Vikas programme was launched to accelerate family planning services in high-fertility districts. It targets how many high total fertility rate districts across seven states?
88. A woman using a copper IUD (Cu-T 380A) as emergency contraception presents 4 days after unprotected intercourse. The mechanism of action in this context is primarily:
89. The Centchroman (Saheli) oral contraceptive differs from conventional OCPs because:
90. Emergency contraception using levonorgestrel 1.5 mg (Plan B) is most effective when taken within:
91. The 'Chhaya' oral contraceptive pill introduced under India's public sector family planning programme is a centchroman-based pill. Its mechanism of action is: