A 32-year-old woman on antiretroviral therapy is initiated on tuberculosis preventive therapy under NTEP. Which short-course rifapentine-based regimen is currently recommended for people living with HIV?

• A Isoniazid daily for 36 months as secondary prophylaxis
• B Rifampicin plus isoniazid daily for 3 months
• C Rifapentine daily for 1 month alongside pyridoxine
• D Rifapentine plus isoniazid weekly for 12 weeks ✓

Explanation

The 3HP regimen, weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for a total of 12 doses over 12 weeks, is the short-course TPT option recommended for people living with HIV under NTEP guidance, with efficacy comparable to 6 months of isoniazid and better completion rates. Option C describes the 1HP regimen used in some settings but is not the standard Indian recommendation here. Option A is not an accepted TPT schedule. Rifapentine must never be combined with protease inhibitors without adjustment.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

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