The National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) shifted its strategy from a 'focused' to a 'combination prevention' approach. Which of the following correctly describes the current treatment initiation criterion for HIV-positive adults in India under the Test and Treat policy?
- A ART initiated for all HIV-positive individuals regardless of CD4 count ✓
- B ART initiated when CD4 count <350 cells/mm³
- C ART initiated when CD4 count <500 cells/mm³
- D ART initiated only when WHO clinical stage III or IV is reached
Correct answer: A. ART initiated for all HIV-positive individuals regardless of CD4 count
Explanation
India adopted the Universal Test and Treat (UTT) or Test and Treat policy, meaning all HIV-positive individuals should be initiated on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) regardless of CD4 count or WHO clinical stage. This approach reduces transmission, morbidity, and mortality. The previous threshold-based initiation (CD4 <500, then <350) has been replaced. First-line ART includes TDF+3TC+DTG (Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Dolutegravir) as per NACP guidelines.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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