India's National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) uses an Annual Parasite Incidence (API) threshold to classify malaria-endemic districts for intensified interventions. Which API value defines a district as 'high-risk' warranting enhanced surveillance?

• A API ≥ 5 per 1000 population
• B API ≥ 1 per 1000 population
• C API ≥ 2 per 1000 population ✓
• D API ≥ 10 per 1000 population

Explanation

Under NVBDCP, a district with API ≥ 2 per 1000 population is classified as high-burden requiring enhanced measures including Universal LLIN distribution, indoor residual spraying, and intensified case management. API is calculated as confirmed malaria cases per 1000 population per year in a defined area. Districts with API ≥ 2 were targeted under the High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) approach. API < 1 indicates low endemicity.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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