The 'LEAN' management approach applied to healthcare quality improvement is primarily aimed at:

• A Reducing medical errors through six-sigma statistical process control
• B Standardizing clinical protocols using evidence-based guidelines across all units
• C Eliminating waste (muda) in clinical workflows to enhance patient flow and value ✓
• D Implementing root cause analysis after sentinel events using fishbone diagrams

Explanation

LEAN management, adapted from Toyota Production System principles, focuses on identifying and eliminating 'muda' (Japanese for waste) in seven forms: transportation, inventory, motion, waiting, overproduction, over-processing, and defects. In healthcare, it improves patient flow, reduces waiting times, and maximizes value-added activities. Six Sigma (DMAIC framework) targets reducing process variation and defects using statistical tools. Root cause analysis uses cause-and-effect tools like fishbone (Ishikawa) diagrams.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

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