In a meta-analysis on hypertension and stroke risk, the pooled odds ratio is 3.5 with 95% CI of 1.2 to 10.2. The BEST interpretation is:
- A The result is statistically significant but the wide CI indicates imprecision ✓
- B The result is statistically significant and clinically precise
- C The result is not statistically significant as the CI is wide
- D The OR of 3.5 is definitive proof of causation
Correct answer: A. The result is statistically significant but the wide CI indicates imprecision
Explanation
The 95% CI (1.2 to 10.2) does not cross 1.0, confirming statistical significance (p<0.05). However, the wide CI spanning from 1.2 to 10.2 indicates imprecision — a nearly nine-fold spread means the true effect could be modest (OR ~1.2) or very large (OR ~10.2). Wide CIs typically result from small sample size or high heterogeneity. A statistically significant OR does not prove causation — Hill's criteria must also be considered.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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