A case-control study and a cohort study are designed to study the same risk factor. Which measure of association can be directly calculated from BOTH designs?
- A Odds Ratio (OR) ✓
- B Relative Risk (RR)
- C Attributable Risk (AR)
- D Incidence rate
Correct answer: A. Odds Ratio (OR)
Explanation
Odds Ratio can be calculated from both case-control (directly, as disease odds among exposed vs. unexposed) and cohort studies (as exposure odds among diseased vs. non-diseased). Relative Risk requires incidence data, available from cohort studies but not directly from case-control studies. Attributable Risk and incidence rates require follow-up data available only in cohort studies.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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