A country's population pyramid shows a broad base that tapers rapidly with each successive older age group, giving a triangular shape. Which statement best describes this population?
- A Low birth rate with a large elderly dependent population
- B Stationary population with nearly equal numbers in all age groups
- C High birth rate with a large proportion of children and rapid population growth ✓
- D Declining population with negative growth rate
Correct answer: C. High birth rate with a large proportion of children and rapid population growth
Explanation
A broad-based, triangular pyramid reflects high birth rates: each cohort of newborns is larger than the cohorts above it, so children dominate the structure. This is typical of developing countries in the early expanding stage of demographic transition. A stationary population produces a bell-shaped pyramid with straight sides, while a contracting population shows a narrower base than the middle age groups.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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