A population pyramid with a narrow base that bulges in the middle and tapers at the top best represents which type of population structure?

• A Expansive (triangular)
• B Progressive
• C Stationary (bell-shaped)
• D Constrictive (urn-shaped) ✓

Explanation

A constrictive or urn-shaped pyramid has a narrow base indicating low birth rates, with a bulge in the middle representing an aging population. This is typical of developed countries with below-replacement fertility. Expansive has a wide base, stationary has roughly equal proportions across age groups.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 26th ed.

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