India's Total Fertility Rate (TFR) as reported in the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5, 2019–21) is:
- A 1.6
- B 2.0 ✓
- C 2.5
- D 3.1
Correct answer: B. 2.0
Explanation
NFHS-5 (2019–21) reported India's Total Fertility Rate as 2.0 — the replacement level of fertility — marking the first time India has reached this milestone nationally. This represents a decline from 2.2 in NFHS-4 (2015–16). While 19 states have TFR below replacement level (<2.1), states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have higher TFRs pulling up the national average. A TFR of 2.1 is the population replacement level.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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