The 'epidemiological transition' (Omran, 1971) describes a shift from which pattern to which?

• A From rural to urban mortality patterns
• B From male-predominant to female-predominant mortality
• C From child mortality to adult mortality as a major contributor only
• D From infectious disease predominance to chronic non-communicable disease predominance as societies develop ✓

Explanation

Omran's epidemiological transition theory (1971) describes three stages: 'Age of Pestilence and Famine' (high mortality from infections), 'Age of Receding Pandemics' (decreasing infection mortality), and 'Age of Degenerative and Man-Made Diseases' (NCDs predominate). India is in the 'Age of triple burden' — transitioning while still carrying a significant infectious disease load alongside NCDs and injuries.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

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