The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in India has crossed the replacement level fertility threshold. What is the replacement level TFR, and what was India's national TFR as per SRS 2022?
- A Replacement TFR: 2.0; India TFR: 1.9
- B Replacement TFR: 2.1; India TFR: 2.0 ✓
- C Replacement TFR: 2.1; India TFR: 2.2
- D Replacement TFR: 2.3; India TFR: 2.0
Explanation
Replacement level fertility is the TFR at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next, accounting for mortality — conventionally set at 2.1 (slightly above 2.0 to compensate for female infant mortality). India's national TFR as per SRS 2022 was reported at 2.0, which is below replacement level, representing a historic milestone. This means India's population growth will slow and stabilise in coming decades. Several southern states (Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh) and metropolitan cities already have TFR well below 2.0.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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