The power of a study is defined as the probability of:

• A Correctly accepting the null hypothesis when it is true
• B Incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
• C Incorrectly accepting the null hypothesis when it is false
• D Correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false ✓

Explanation

Power equals 1 minus beta, and is the probability of detecting a true effect, that is correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis. Option A describes specificity-like behavior. Option B is Type I error (alpha). Option C is Type II error (beta). Power analysis is essential for sample size planning and is frequently examined.

Reference: Basic and Clinical Biostatistics, 4th ed.

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