Which statistical test is most appropriate for comparing the proportion of adverse events in three independent groups (e.g., three different drug regimens)?
- A Kruskal-Wallis test
- B One-way ANOVA
- C Chi-square test ✓
- D McNemar's test
Correct answer: C. Chi-square test
Explanation
Comparing proportions (categorical outcomes) across three or more independent groups uses the chi-square test for independence; it tests whether the distribution of a categorical variable differs across groups. One-way ANOVA compares means of a continuous variable. The Kruskal-Wallis test compares ranks of a continuous variable when normality is violated. McNemar's test is for paired/dependent proportions.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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