A researcher finds a p-value of 0.03 in a study comparing two means. After applying Bonferroni correction for 10 simultaneous comparisons, the adjusted significance threshold is 0.005. The conclusion should be:

• A The result remains statistically significant after correction
• B The result is no longer statistically significant after correction ✓
• C Bonferroni correction is only applicable for non-parametric tests
• D Multiple comparisons correction is unnecessary if a primary hypothesis was prespecified

Explanation

With Bonferroni correction, the significance threshold is adjusted to α/n = 0.05/10 = 0.005. Since the p-value of 0.03 exceeds this threshold, the result is no longer statistically significant after correction. Bonferroni correction controls the family-wise error rate (FWER) by reducing Type I error (false positives) at the cost of increased Type II error (false negatives). It applies to both parametric and non-parametric tests when multiple comparisons are made.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

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