The 'hierarchy of controls' for occupational hazard prevention, from most to least effective, is:

• A PPE → Administrative controls → Engineering controls → Substitution → Elimination
• B Administrative controls → Engineering controls → PPE → Substitution → Elimination
• C Engineering controls → Elimination → Substitution → PPE → Administrative controls
• D Elimination → Substitution → Engineering controls → Administrative controls → Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ✓

Explanation

The hierarchy of controls ranks measures from most to least effective: Elimination (physically remove the hazard) → Substitution (replace with something safer) → Engineering controls (isolate workers from hazard) → Administrative controls (change work practices/scheduling) → Personal Protective Equipment (protect workers with barriers). PPE is least reliable as it depends on worker compliance. This framework is standard in occupational health and industrial hygiene.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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