A 9-year-old boy presents with recurrent episodes of gross hematuria occurring within 1 to 2 days of an upper respiratory tract infection. There is no edema, hypertension, or oliguria. Serum C3 is normal. Urinalysis during an episode shows dysmorphic RBCs. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
- B Alport syndrome
- C IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) ✓
- D Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Correct answer: C. IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)
Explanation
IgA nephropathy classically presents with recurrent synpharyngitic gross hematuria (hematuria within 1 to 3 days of infection) and normal complement levels. PSGN has a latent period of 1 to 3 weeks after infection and low B3. Alport presents with persistent microscopic hematuria, hearing loss, and family history. MPGN typically has low B3 and presents with nephritic or nephrotic features, not isolated infection-linked hematuria.
Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 21st ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.