A 6-year-old girl presents with acute onset of periorbital edema, oliguria, and cola-colored urine. Blood pressure is 150/100 mmHg. C3 is low; C4 is normal. ASO titer is elevated. Which statement regarding management is most accurate?

• A High-dose corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment
• B Cyclophosphamide should be started to prevent progression to chronic disease
• C Plasmapheresis is indicated in all cases
• D Supportive care with fluid restriction and antihypertensives is primary treatment ✓

Explanation

This is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN), a self-limited disease. Treatment is supportive: fluid restriction, salt restriction, and antihypertensives (e.g., nifedipine). Corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide are not indicated as the disease resolves spontaneously in most children. Plasmapheresis is reserved for crescentic GN or Goodpasture syndrome, not typical PSGN.

Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 21st ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.