A 2-week-old neonate develops yellowish, greasy, scaling plaques on the scalp (cradle cap), with similar lesions behind the ears and on the face. This is best described as:

• A Neonatal acne — caused by maternal androgenic stimulation
• B Atopic dermatitis — requires genetic testing for filaggrin mutations
• C Tinea capitis — requires antifungal treatment
• D Seborrhoeic dermatitis — associated with Malassezia furfur overgrowth in sebaceous areas ✓

Explanation

Cradle cap (seborrhoeic dermatitis) in neonates presents with thick, greasy, yellowish scales on the scalp and may extend to the face and retroauricular areas. It is associated with Malassezia furfur overgrowth in sebaceous-gland-rich areas stimulated by maternal androgens. Neonatal acne presents with comedones and papules on the face, not scales. Atopic dermatitis typically appears after 2 months of age. Treatment is usually gentle emollients and bland shampoo; ketoconazole may be used for severe cases.

Reference: Ghai Essential Pediatrics, 10th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.