The resolution of acute inflammation requires active termination of neutrophil influx and promotion of macrophage efferocytosis. Which lipid mediators are synthesised SPECIFICALLY to resolve inflammation (as opposed to initiating it)?

• A Prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin (PGI2) from COX-2
• B Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins — specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) ✓
• C Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and platelet-activating factor (PAF)
• D Thromboxane A2 and serotonin from activated platelets

Explanation

Specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) — lipoxins, resolvins (from EPA/DHA), protectins, and maresins — actively promote resolution of inflammation by inhibiting neutrophil recruitment, stimulating macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, and promoting tissue repair. This is an active, regulated process. LTB4, PAF, and thromboxane A2 promote rather than resolve inflammation.

Reference: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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