Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary secretes excess androgens causing virilization. It is classified under which WHO category of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors?

• A Pure stromal tumors
• B Pure sex cord tumors
• C Mixed sex cord-stromal tumors ✓
• D Germ cell tumors with somatic type components

Explanation

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (androblastomas) contain both sex-cord elements (Sertoli cells) and stromal elements (Leydig cells), placing them in the 'mixed sex cord-stromal tumor' WHO category. They are typically unilateral, occur in young women, and produce testosterone causing virilization. Granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli cell tumors alone are pure sex cord tumors. Thecomas and fibromas are pure stromal tumors. Correct classification guides management — well-differentiated Sertoli-Leydig tumors are benign; moderately or poorly differentiated or those with retiform or heterologous elements are malignant.

Reference: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.

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