Using the Enneking staging system modified for benign musculoskeletal tumours, which of the following lesions correctly matches its stage?

• A Non-ossifying fibroma: Stage 3
• B Solitary osteochondroma: Stage 1 ✓
• C Giant cell tumour with cortical destruction and soft tissue extension: Stage 1
• D Unicameral bone cyst with pathological fracture: Stage 3

Explanation

Benign lesions are staged as latent (Stage 1, asymptomatic, well encapsulated, heal spontaneously), active (Stage 2, symptomatic and slowly growing within bone), or aggressive (Stage 3, locally invasive with cortical breach and reactive rim). An osteochondroma is a classical latent lesion, stopping growth at skeletal maturity. Non-ossifying fibroma and unicameral bone cyst are latent, while a giant cell tumour breaching cortex behaves aggressively and is Stage 3.

Reference: Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 14th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.