The Enneking staging system for musculoskeletal tumors classifies a high-grade malignant tumor confined within the cortical boundary of the bone (no extraosseous extension) and without distant metastases as:
- A Stage IIA (G2 T1 M0) ✓
- B Stage IA (G2 T1 M0)
- C Stage IIB (G2 T2 M0)
- D Stage IIIA (G2 T1 M1)
Correct answer: A. Stage IIA (G2 T1 M0)
Explanation
In the Enneking (MSTS) staging system: G1 = low-grade, G2 = high-grade; T1 = intracompartmental (within bone/fascial boundary), T2 = extracompartmental; M0 = no metastasis, M1 = metastasis. Stage IA = G1 T1 M0 (low-grade, intracompartmental). Stage IIA = G2 T1 M0 (high-grade, intracompartmental) — which matches the scenario. Stage IIB = G2 T2 M0 (high-grade, extracompartmental). Stage III = any G, any T, M1 (metastatic). A high-grade tumor confined within bone without metastases is correctly Stage IIA.
Reference: Maheshwari Essential Orthopaedics, 6th ed.
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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.