Under the FIGO 2018 staging system for cervical carcinoma, which finding is REQUIRED to assign Stage IVA?

• A Bullous oedema of the bladder wall on cystoscopy
• B Hydronephrosis caused by parametrial extension
• C Biopsy-proven invasion of the rectal or bladder mucosa ✓
• D Extension to the lower third of the vagina

Explanation

Stage IVA demands histologically confirmed involvement of bladder or rectal mucosa. Bullous oedema alone does not qualify because it may result from tumour pressure or submucosal involvement without true mucosal invasion. Hydronephrosis with non-functioning kidney defines Stage IIIB, and lower vaginal third extension also places the tumour in Stage III, not IVA.

Reference: Berek and Novak's Gynecology, 16th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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