A 31-year-old man presents with unilateral vitiligo of the left cheek, ipsilateral poliosis of the eyebrow, sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear, and anterior uveitis limited to the same side. Which syndrome is described?
- A Waardenburg syndrome
- B Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
- C Alezzandrini syndrome ✓
- D Tietz syndrome
Correct answer: C. Alezzandrini syndrome
Explanation
Alezzandrini syndrome is the rare triad of unilateral facial vitiligo, ipsilateral poliosis, and ipsilateral visual loss with deafness, reflecting a strictly unilateral inflammatory process affecting melanocytes of skin, eye, and inner ear. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada is characteristically bilateral with meningismus, Waardenburg is congenital with dystopia canthorum and heterochromia iridis, and Tietz syndrome is congenital deafness with albinism, so these are excluded.
Reference: Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 9th ed.
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