Cross-Sectional Anatomy and Imaging Signs Compendium MCQs

Radiology · 18 free questions with answers & explanations.

1. The 'boot-shaped heart' (coeur en sabot) on chest X-ray is the classic appearance of which congenital heart disease, and what anatomical feature accounts for this shape?
2. On an axial CT chest at the level of the carina, the 'bat wing' or 'butterfly' pattern of bilateral perihilar ground-glass opacification sparing the periphery is characteristic of:
3. The 'string sign' on barium meal examination of the duodenum, showing a thin stream of contrast through a narrowed cap, is associated with:
4. On axial CT brain, the 'dense MCA sign' (hyperdense middle cerebral artery) is seen. This sign indicates:
5. The 'Mercedes-Benz sign' on CT abdomen (three low-density stellate lines within a hyperdense gallstone) indicates:
6. On a supine abdominal X-ray, free intraperitoneal gas outlines BOTH sides of the bowel wall, making the wall visible as a thin white line. This sign is called:
7. On CT of the abdomen, the 'whirl sign' is identified in the mesentery with twisted mesenteric vessels around an axis. What condition does this sign indicate?
8. On MRI brain T2-weighted imaging, a hyperintense lesion is seen in the white matter of the right frontoparietal region with a 'soap-bubble' appearance and restricted diffusion. This pattern in an AIDS patient with CD4 count 50 cells/μL is most consistent with:
9. On a lateral skull X-ray, a 'hair on end' trabecular pattern is seen in the diploic space of the skull vault. Which condition is classically associated with this radiological sign?
10. On axial CT at the level of the renal hilum, the structure that lies anterior to the renal pelvis, medial to the ureter, and posterior to the inferior vena cava on the right side is:
11. A CT chest shows a central hypodense filling defect surrounded by a rim of contrast within the pulmonary artery. This 'polo mint' or 'doughnut' sign is seen in which condition?
12. On HRCT chest, bilateral basal predominant subpleural reticulation with honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis is described. This pattern is most consistent with which interstitial lung disease?
13. On a brain MRI, the 'eye of the tiger' sign is seen in the globus pallidus on T2-weighted imaging. Which metabolic disorder is this pathognomonic of?
14. A 'comet tail' artefact on ultrasound of the lung is noted just below the pleural line with A-lines absent and B-lines (lung rockets) present throughout. What is the most likely diagnosis?
15. On MRI of the knee, a T2 hyperintense linear signal within the medial meniscus extending to the inferior articular surface is classified as Stoller grade III signal. What is the significance of this finding?
16. On axial CT of the chest at the level of the carina, the structure immediately anterior to the descending thoracic aorta and posterior to the heart is the:
17. On CT abdomen, the 'beak sign' is seen at the margins of a mass in the liver, indicating that it arises from the liver parenchyma. This sign describes:
18. On high-resolution CT (HRCT) chest, the 'crazy paving' pattern (ground-glass opacification with superimposed inter- and intralobular septal thickening) is CLASSICALLY associated with which condition?