Endocrinology MCQs

Medicine · 5 free questions with answers & explanations.

1. A 35-year-old woman presents with palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss of 6 kg over 3 months, and a diffuse goiter. TSH is < 0.01 mIU/L, free T4 is 3.8 ng/dL (elevated). Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) is markedly positive. She has proptosis bilaterally. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of her thyroid disease?
2. A 48-year-old woman is evaluated for secondary hypertension. She has hypokalemia (K 2.9 mEq/L), metabolic alkalosis, and blood pressure of 168/104 mmHg on three antihypertensives including a diuretic-free regimen. Plasma aldosterone:renin ratio (ARR) is 45 (normal < 30) ng/dL per ng/mL/h. Which confirmatory test should be performed next?
3. A 22-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with altered consciousness. He is known to have type 1 diabetes. Blood glucose is 38 mg/dL. He is given IV dextrose and recovers. His C-peptide level (drawn at time of hypoglycemia) is undetectable. Which condition BEST explains undetectable C-peptide during hypoglycemia?
4. A 55-year-old man presents with headache, diaphoresis, and episodic hypertension (BP spikes to 220/130 mmHg). Between episodes his BP is normal. 24-hour urine metanephrines and normetanephrines are 5-fold above the upper limit of normal. CT of the abdomen reveals a 4 cm right adrenal mass. Which is the MOST appropriate pre-operative preparation?
5. A 65-year-old woman with a history of neck irradiation in childhood presents with a 2.5 cm right thyroid nodule. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) shows the Bethesda category V (suspicious for malignancy) result with nuclear grooves, ground-glass nuclei, and intranuclear pseudoinclusions. What is the MOST likely histological type of thyroid carcinoma?