Cross-Sectional and Radiological Anatomy (CT/MRI Correlation) MCQs

Anatomy · 31 free questions with answers & explanations.

1. On an axial CT of the abdomen at the level of the first lumbar vertebra, which structure lies immediately anterior to the aorta?
2. On a T2-weighted MRI of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid appears bright (hyperintense). Which of the following structures, if enlarged, would appear as a hyperintense midline structure between the thalami on axial section?
3. On axial CT of the thorax at the level of the carina, which structure lies immediately to the right of the trachea and forms the right paratracheal stripe on plain chest radiograph?
4. On a coronal MRI of the brain, the internal capsule is identified as a white matter band. The corticospinal fibres to the lower limb travel in which part of the internal capsule?
5. On an axial CT scan of the neck at the level of C6, a hyperdense round structure is noted lateral to the internal jugular vein and posterolateral to the common carotid artery. This most likely represents:
6. On an axial MRI at the level of the foramen of Winslow (epiploic foramen), the structure forming its anterior boundary is:
7. On an axial T2-weighted MRI at the level of L3 vertebral body, the structure appearing as a high-signal oval on the anterolateral surface of the psoas major is:
8. On axial CT of the chest at the level of the aortic arch, which structure is immediately posterior to the left main bronchus?
9. On a CT scan of the abdomen at the level of the transpyloric plane (L1), which structure lies immediately posterior to the neck of the pancreas?
10. On a CT cross-section through the upper mediastinum at the level of the manubriosternal junction (sternal angle, T4-T5), which structure bifurcates at this level?
11. On MRI of the brain, a hypointense signal on T1 and hyperintense on T2 is seen in the posterior limb of the right internal capsule. This lesion is MOST likely causing which finding?
12. On an axial CT scan at the level of the intervertebral disc L4-L5, the structure immediately anterior to the aortic bifurcation and to the left of the inferior vena cava is:
13. On an axial MRI at the level of the midbrain-pons junction, the structure appearing as a butterfly-shaped high T2 signal in the ventral tegmentum that is abnormal in multiple sclerosis is:
14. On an axial CT of the thorax at the level of the carina (T4-T5), which structure lies immediately to the right of the descending aorta and posterior to the right main bronchus?
15. On an axial MRI of the pelvis at the level of the acetabular roof, the obturator internus muscle is located:
16. On an axial CT of the abdomen at the level of the second lumbar vertebra, which structure is seen immediately anterior to the abdominal aorta?
17. On an axial MRI of the brain at the level of the basal ganglia, the structure that appears as a biconvex (lens-shaped) region of grey matter lateral to the internal capsule with a darker centre (globus pallidus) on T2-weighted imaging is:
18. On an axial CT of the chest at the level of the aortic arch, which structure passes posterior to the left main bronchus and anterior to the vertebral column?
19. On a CT scan of the abdomen at the level of L1, which structure lies immediately to the right of the aorta and receives the renal veins before draining into the right atrium?
20. On axial MRI of the brain at the level of the basal ganglia, a crescent-shaped hyperdense signal on CT (acute) borders the inner table of the skull and does not cross the midline but may cross suture lines. This is characteristic of which collection?
21. On a cross-sectional CT at the level of T4, which structure passes from the right side to the left, arching posterior to the left main bronchus before descending on the left side of the vertebral column?
22. On an axial T2-weighted MRI at the level of the basal ganglia, a fluid-filled structure with smooth walls is identified posterolateral to the thalamus. It appears continuous with the quadrigeminal cistern and lies medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule. This structure is most likely the:
23. On a CT scan of the abdomen, a cross-sectional image at the level of L1 shows the aorta, IVC, and a structure passing anterior to the aorta from right to left. This structure, when enlarged, can cause 'nutcracker syndrome'. Identify this structure:
24. On axial CT of the chest at the level of the carina, which structure is immediately anterior to the esophagus and posterior to the trachea?
25. On an axial CT scan of the abdomen at the level of L1, the structure that lies anterior to the inferior vena cava and to the right of the aorta is the:
26. On a T2-weighted MRI of the brain, which structure appears as a distinct hypointense (dark) line separating the caudate nucleus and thalamus from the putamen and globus pallidus?
27. On an axial CT of the abdomen at the level of the celiac axis, which structure lies immediately anterior to the aorta and posterior to the lesser sac?
28. On an axial MRI of the brain at the level of the basal ganglia, the structure that appears as a hypointense (dark) rim on T2-weighted imaging due to iron deposition is the:
29. On a CT scan of the thorax at the level of the sternal angle (Louis' angle), which of the following anatomical events occur simultaneously?
30. On MRI, the structure that separates the anterior from the posterior compartments of the knee joint on sagittal images, appearing as a low-signal band connecting the intercondylar notch of the femur to the tibial plateau, is the:
31. On axial CT of the pelvis at the level of the acetabulum, the structure immediately lateral to the femoral vein and medial to the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle is the: