CPCR/BLS/ACLS Protocols MCQs

Anaesthesia · 30 free questions with answers & explanations.

1. During adult basic life support (BLS), the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer performing CPR is:
2. A 55-year-old man in the ICU develops pulseless ventricular tachycardia. After three failed defibrillation attempts, the MOST appropriate drug to administer is:
3. In ACLS, epinephrine is used in cardiac arrest. For pulseless electrical activity (PEA) or asystole, what is the recommended dose and timing?
4. A 6-year-old child (weight 20 kg) is in ventricular fibrillation. The appropriate defibrillation energy for the first shock is:
5. In the management of in-hospital cardiac arrest, which of the following represents a reversible cause (H's and T's) that should be considered immediately?
6. During in-hospital CPR, vasopressin 40 units IV can be given as an alternative to adrenaline. Vasopressin produces vasoconstriction during CPR through which receptor?
7. In ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest, the recommended energy for the THIRD defibrillation attempt using a biphasic defibrillator as per current guidelines is:
8. Targeted temperature management (TTM) is recommended after successful resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with an initially shockable rhythm (VF/pVT). The target temperature range according to current evidence is:
9. In a patient with refractory VF despite 3 defibrillations, amiodarone is indicated. The initial IV bolus dose in ACLS is:
10. In targeted temperature management (TTM) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with initial shockable rhythm, what is the recommended target temperature range per current guidelines and for how long?
11. In a patient with refractory ventricular fibrillation unresponsive to defibrillation and amiodarone in ACLS, which additional antiarrhythmic drug is now recommended as an alternative by AHA guidelines?
12. During CPR, which end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) value has been associated with poor prognosis and may be used to guide termination of resuscitation after 20 minutes of ACLS?
13. During in-hospital cardiac arrest in an adult with ventricular fibrillation, defibrillation fails after 3 shocks. According to ACLS 2020 guidelines, what is the correct dose of amiodarone?
14. During CPR, an arterial line is in situ. The diastolic arterial pressure during chest compressions is consistently below 25 mmHg. What does this indicate about CPR quality, and what immediate action is most appropriate?
15. Epinephrine 1 mg IV is recommended every 3–5 minutes in cardiac arrest. What is the proposed mechanism by which epinephrine improves coronary and cerebral perfusion during CPR?
16. During in-hospital cardiac arrest, high-quality CPR is being performed. After the third shock for ventricular fibrillation, which drug combination is recommended simultaneously with CPR continuation?
17. During ACLS, a patient in cardiac arrest has a rhythm strip showing fine ventricular fibrillation (low-amplitude). The FIRST intervention before attempting defibrillation should be:
18. During management of suspected pulmonary embolism-induced cardiac arrest unresponsive to standard ACLS, empirical thrombolysis is considered. According to current guidelines, if thrombolysis is administered during CPR, the recommended CPR duration after thrombolysis administration before re-evaluating rhythm is:
19. During in-hospital cardiac arrest, high-quality CPR is ongoing. ETCO2 is being monitored. The ETCO2 reading drops suddenly from 25 mmHg to 8 mmHg after drug administration. Which drug was most likely just given?
20. Post-resuscitation targeted temperature management (TTM) is initiated in a comatose survivor of out-of-hospital VF arrest. The target temperature of 33°C is maintained for 24 hours. The main concern with deep hypothermia (below 30°C) that makes 33°C preferable to aggressive cooling is:
21. During resuscitation of a patient in refractory VF, the team considers double sequential defibrillation (DSED). What is the theoretical basis for this technique?
22. During in-hospital cardiac arrest with ventricular fibrillation (VF), the FIRST shock is delivered at 360 J (monophasic) or 150–200 J (biphasic). After 2 minutes of CPR following the first shock, VF persists. Epinephrine 1 mg IV has been given. The second antiarrhythmic drug considered after amiodarone failure in refractory VF is:
23. During paediatric BLS, the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when TWO rescuers are present for a 3-year-old child is:
24. During CPR, a patient in ventricular fibrillation (VF) has received 3 defibrillation shocks and 4 minutes of high-quality CPR. Which drug should now be administered?
25. Post-cardiac arrest care after ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation) includes targeted temperature management (TTM). What is the correct current recommendation for temperature control?
26. During an in-hospital cardiac arrest from shockable rhythm (VF), after two defibrillation attempts and 2 minutes of CPR have been performed, adrenaline has been given. What is the NEXT antiarrhythmic drug recommended in the AHA ACLS algorithm?
27. A 52-year-old man experiences pulseless electrical activity (PEA) cardiac arrest in the ICU. According to the Hs and Ts mnemonic, which of the following is a reversible cause of PEA but NOT of VF/VT?
28. A patient in the cardiac catheterisation lab develops VF during coronary angiography. After 3 defibrillation attempts and 3 rounds of CPR with adrenaline, VF persists. According to ACLS 2020 guidelines, which drug should be administered NEXT for shock-refractory VF?
29. Post-cardiac arrest targeted temperature management (TTM) is recommended after successfully resuscitated cardiac arrest. The target core temperature range per current evidence is:
30. Targeted temperature management (TTM) is recommended after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. According to the TTM2 trial (2021) and current guidelines, which temperature target and duration are appropriate?