Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is defined by intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and organ dysfunction. According to WSACS consensus, ACS is defined as a sustained IAP of more than:
- A >12 mmHg with new organ dysfunction
- B >20 mmHg with new organ dysfunction ✓
- C >25 mmHg regardless of organ function
- D >15 mmHg with urinary output <0.5 mL/kg/hr
Correct answer: B. >20 mmHg with new organ dysfunction
Explanation
WSACS (World Society of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome) defines ACS as a sustained IAP >20 mmHg (measured at end-expiration in the supine position, with bladder pressure as the standard) associated with new organ dysfunction/failure. Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is graded I–IV (12–15, 16–20, 21–25, >25 mmHg). Decompressive laparotomy is indicated when ACS is established and medical strategies (patient positioning, NG decompression, diuresis) have failed.
Reference: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.
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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.