A 28-year-old female sustains 40% total body surface area burns (25% deep partial thickness, 15% full thickness) in a factory fire. Using the Parkland formula, calculate the volume of crystalloid for the first 24 hours. (Weight: 60 kg)
- A 4800 mL Hartmann's solution
- B 6000 mL normal saline
- C 4000 mL colloid + 4000 mL crystalloid
- D 9600 mL Hartmann's solution ✓
Explanation
The Parkland (Baxter) formula: 4 mL × weight (kg) × %TBSA burns = total volume in 24 hours, using Hartmann's (Ringer's lactate) solution. Only second-degree (partial thickness) and full-thickness burns are counted; superficial burns are excluded. Here: 4 × 60 × 40 = 9600 mL. Half (4800 mL) is given in the first 8 hours (from time of burn, not from hospital arrival) and the remaining half over the next 16 hours. Children require dextrose-containing maintenance fluid in addition. Colloid (albumin) may be added after 8–12 hours in some protocols but crystalloid is the primary resuscitation fluid in the first 24 hours by the Parkland formula.
Reference: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.
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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.