The Organ Injury Scale (OIS) for liver trauma classifies a through-and-through penetrating injury involving the juxtahepatic veins (retrohepatic IVC or major hepatic veins) as which grade?
- A Grade III
- B Grade IV
- C Grade V ✓
- D Grade VI
Correct answer: C. Grade V
Explanation
The AAST OIS for liver: Grade I = subcapsular hematoma <10%; Grade II = hematoma 10–50%, laceration <3 cm; Grade III = hematoma >50% or expanding, laceration >3 cm; Grade IV = parenchymal disruption 25–75% of hepatic lobe; Grade V = parenchymal disruption >75% of hepatic lobe OR juxtahepatic venous injury (retrohepatic IVC, major hepatic veins); Grade VI = hepatic avulsion (incompatible with survival). Juxtahepatic venous injury is specifically Grade V and carries >50% mortality due to massive hemorrhage from high-flow venous structures in an inaccessible location.
Reference: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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