According to ATLS primary survey, which of the following correctly describes the 'C-ABCDE' approach adopted in recent ATLS editions for major trauma?
- A Catastrophic haemorrhage control has been placed after Airway in the sequence
- B Catastrophic haemorrhage control (C) precedes Airway (A), recognising exsanguination as the primary preventable cause of death ✓
- C C stands for Cervical spine, which must be stabilised before airway management
- D C-ABCDE applies only to military trauma, not civilian settings
Correct answer: B. Catastrophic haemorrhage control (C) precedes Airway (A), recognising exsanguination as the primary preventable cause of death
Explanation
The ATLS 10th edition (2018) updated the primary survey to C-ABCDE, placing Catastrophic haemorrhage control (C) first, before Airway — recognising that uncontrolled external haemorrhage is the leading preventable cause of death in trauma. This includes direct pressure, tourniquets for limb injuries, and haemostatic dressings. The traditional ABCDE approach sometimes led to delays in stopping life-threatening bleeding while managing airways.
Reference: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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