A newborn has evisceration of abdominal contents through a full-thickness defect lateral to the umbilicus. The bowel is not covered by any membrane and appears thickened and matted. Which statement correctly distinguishes this condition from exomphalos?

• A Gastroschisis has a higher incidence of chromosomal anomalies such as trisomy 18
• B Gastroschisis is rarely associated with other congenital anomalies ✓
• C In gastroschisis the defect is covered by a sac of amnion and peritoneum
• D Gastroschisis always contains liver within the defect

Explanation

Gastroschisis is a paraumbilical defect, usually to the right of the cord, with free eviscerated bowel uncovered by any sac. Unlike exomphalos, it carries a low rate of associated chromosomal and structural anomalies, so survival depends mainly on bowel condition and prematurity. The covering sac of peritoneum and amnion is the defining feature of exomphalos, which also has a high association with cardiac defects and trisomies. Liver herniation is typical of large exomphalos, not gastroschisis.

Reference: Bailey and Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.