Borrmann classification of gastric carcinoma is based on macroscopic appearance. A Borrmann Type IV tumour (linitis plastica) is characterised by:
- A Polypoid or fungating tumour confined to the mucosa
- B Ulcerating tumour with sharply defined margins
- C Diffuse infiltrating tumour without distinct ulceration — leather bottle stomach ✓
- D Ulcerating tumour with poorly defined infiltrating margins
Correct answer: C. Diffuse infiltrating tumour without distinct ulceration — leather bottle stomach
Explanation
Borrmann classification: Type I — polypoid/fungating; Type II — ulcerated with clear margins; Type III — ulcerated with infiltrating margins (most common); Type IV — diffuse infiltrative without ulceration — linitis plastica (leather bottle stomach), caused by signet-ring cell or diffuse-type gastric carcinoma. Linitis plastica has the worst prognosis, with diffuse submucosal infiltration causing rigid, non-distensible stomach. It is associated with CDH1 mutations in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer.
Reference: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 27th ed.
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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.