According to DSM-5, which of the following correctly states the minimum requirements for diagnosing schizophrenia?
- A Three Criterion A symptoms for at least 2 weeks, with 1 month of prodrome
- B One Criterion A symptom for at least 6 continuous months
- C Two or more Criterion A symptoms for at least 1 month, with total disturbance lasting at least 6 months ✓
- D Two Criterion A symptoms for at least 6 months, all present continuously
Correct answer: C. Two or more Criterion A symptoms for at least 1 month, with total disturbance lasting at least 6 months
Explanation
DSM-5 requires at least two Criterion C symptoms during a 1-month period, and at least one must be delusions, hallucinations, or disorganised speech; grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour and negative symptoms count as the other symptom. The overall disturbance, including prodromal and residual phases, must persist at least 6 months, but active-phase symptoms need not be continuous throughout. This dual time frame is what separates schizophrenia from schizophreniform disorder.
Reference: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5-TR ed.
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