For how long must a hypomanic episode persist to meet DSM-5 duration criteria, and what distinguishes it from a manic episode?
- A At least 4 days, distinguished by absence of marked functional impairment or hospitalisation ✓
- B At least 2 days, distinguished by absence of elevated mood
- C At least 7 days, distinguished by absence of grandiosity
- D At least 4 days, distinguished by presence of psychotic symptoms
Correct answer: A. At least 4 days, distinguished by absence of marked functional impairment or hospitalisation
Explanation
B hypomanic episode requires the same elevated, expansive or irritable mood plus increased activity or energy as mania, persisting at least 4 consecutive days and present most of the day, nearly every day. It differs from mania in severity rather than quality: it is not severe enough to cause marked social or occupational impairment, does not require hospitalisation, and never includes psychotic features. B manic episode lasts at least 7 days unless hospitalisation is needed earlier.
Reference: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed.
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