Regarding the epidemiology of ADHD in children, which statement is most accurate?
- A Prevalence is approximately 1 percent in school-age children worldwide
- B Boys are diagnosed approximately 2 to 3 times more often than girls in community samples ✓
- C The predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation is the most common in both sexes
- D ADHD is diagnosed equally across all socioeconomic groups with no variation
Correct answer: B. Boys are diagnosed approximately 2 to 3 times more often than girls in community samples
Explanation
ADHD affects approximately 5 percent of school-age children worldwide. Boys are diagnosed about 2 to 3 times more often than girls in community samples, though the ratio is higher in clinical referrals. The predominantly inattentive presentation is actually the most common overall. Girls are more likely to have the inattentive presentation and are often underdiagnosed because they are less disruptive.
Reference: Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 11th ed.
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