An 8-year-old boy frequently loses his temper, argues with adults, actively defies rules, and is spiteful. However, he has never been physically aggressive toward people or animals, has not destroyed property, and has not stolen. Which diagnosis is most appropriate?

• A Oppositional defiant disorder ✓
• B Conduct disorder
• C Intermittent explosive disorder
• D Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Explanation

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is characterized by angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months. The key distinction from conduct disorder is the absence of serious violations of others' rights such as aggression toward people or animals, destruction of property, or theft/deceit. Conduct disorder requires at least one of these more severe behaviors.

Reference: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed.

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