Kwashiorkor (edematous malnutrition) differs from marasmus primarily in that it is characterized by:
- A Predominant caloric deficit with preserved protein intake
- B Relative protein deficiency with adequate calorie intake leading to hypoalbuminemia, edema, fatty liver, and skin changes ✓
- C Total starvation producing muscle wasting but no edema
- D Micronutrient deficiency rather than macronutrient deficiency
Correct answer: B. Relative protein deficiency with adequate calorie intake leading to hypoalbuminemia, edema, fatty liver, and skin changes
Explanation
Kwashiorkor results from protein deficiency with relatively adequate caloric intake — typically seen when weaned children are fed high-carbohydrate, low-protein diets. Hypoalbuminemia reduces oncotic pressure causing edema; fatty liver results from impaired VLDL synthesis; skin changes ('flaky paint' dermatosis) and hair changes (flag sign) are characteristic. Marasmus is total caloric starvation producing severe wasting without edema.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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