Hard ticks (Ixodidae) differ from soft ticks (Argasidae) in several morphological features. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of hard ticks?

• A Capitulum is ventral and not visible from above
• B Scutum (dorsal shield) is absent
• C Capitulum is anterior and visible from above ✓
• D Body surface is rough and leathery without distinct scutum

Explanation

Hard ticks (Ixodidae) are characterized by a capitulum that is anterior and visible from above, and the presence of a scutum (dorsal shield). Soft ticks (Argasidae) have a ventral capitulum not visible from above and lack a scutum. This morphological distinction is standard in medical entomology texts including Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. Options A, B, and D describe features of soft ticks.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 26th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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