In the context of malaria vector control, the 'sporozoite rate' of an Anopheles mosquito is the proportion of mosquitoes with sporozoites in their salivary glands. The 'inoculation rate' (entomological inoculation rate — EIR) is calculated as:

• A Sporozoite rate / Human biting rate
• B Parous rate × Parity rate × Sporozoite rate
• C Vector density × 100 / human population
• D Biting rate (man-biting rate) × Sporozoite rate ✓

Explanation

Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) = Man-Biting Rate (MBR) × Sporozoite Rate (SR). EIR represents the number of infectious bites received per person per unit time, combining the intensity of vector-human contact (MBR) with the proportion of vectors that are infective (sporozoite rate). It is the most direct measure of malaria transmission intensity. Parous rate (proportion of mosquitoes that have already laid eggs) is a proxy for mosquito longevity and is used to calculate the vectorial capacity but not directly the EIR. Vector density alone without infection status is insufficient.

Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.

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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.