The 'Oldt' formula is used to estimate the number of latrines required in a camp situation. Which parameter does it incorporate?
- A Only total population and defecation frequency
- B BOD5 and COD of the waste stream
- C Population, number of hours latrines are available, peak use period, and occupancy time per use ✓
- D Rainfall and soil permeability coefficients
Correct answer: C. Population, number of hours latrines are available, peak use period, and occupancy time per use
Explanation
The Oldt formula calculates the number of latrines needed in temporary settlements or disaster camps by considering: total population to be served, hours latrines are available daily, the peak-hour factor (busy times like morning), and time per use. The formula ensures adequate sanitation capacity during peak demand. WHO recommends a minimum of one toilet per 20 persons in emergency settings.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
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